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Corneal Ulcer
Understanding About Corneal Ulcer
Types of Corneal Ulcer:
Caused by bacterial infections, often in contact lens wearers. Symptoms include severe pain, redness, and discharge.
Typically linked to herpes simplex virus, presenting with pain, redness, and sensitivity to light, often with a dendritic pattern.
Occurs after injury involving plant material or exposure to fungi. Symptoms include redness, pain, and a grayish area on the cornea.
Results from loss of corneal sensation, often due to nerve damage. These ulcers can be painless but lead to significant corneal damage.
Fails to heal properly, usually due to underlying issues like dry eye or persistent inflammation, leading to ongoing discomfort and vision problems.
Associated with chronic inflammation, resulting in new blood vessel growth in the cornea. Symptoms may include vision changes and discomfort.
Symptoms:
Ranges from mild discomfort to severe pain.
Significant redness of the eye is common.
Vision becomes unclear, particularly if the ulcer is centrally located.
Bright lights may become uncomfortable.
The eye may produce more tears or pus-like discharge.
A foreign body sensation may persist.
Treatment:
The type of medication will depend on the cause of the ulcer. It is crucial to start treatment quickly to prevent complications.
Eye drops or oral medications may be prescribed to ease discomfort.
If you wear contact lenses, you will need to stop using them until the ulcer heals.
In severe cases, if the ulcer does not heal, or scarring occurs, a corneal transplant may be necessary to restore vision.
Precautions:
Always clean and store lenses correctly and replace them as directed by your eye care provider.
Unless specifically approved by your doctor.
Use protective eyewear during activities that may expose the eyes to dust, chemicals, or injury.
If you are prone to eye infections or have underlying conditions like dry eye, regular visits to an ophthalmologist can help prevent ulcers.
Before Surgery
Before surgery for a corneal ulcer, your eye specialist will assess the severity of the ulcer and determine whether surgery, such as a corneal transplant (keratoplasty), is necessary. The doctor will conduct a thorough eye examination and may perform imaging tests to evaluate the ulcer’s depth and size. You may be prescribed antibiotic or antiviral eye drops to reduce infection before surgery. Additionally, you’ll need to stop wearing contact lenses and may be asked to avoid certain medications that could interfere with the procedure.
During Surgery
During surgery, the damaged corneal tissue is removed and replaced with a healthy donor cornea. The procedure is done under local or general anesthesia, depending on the complexity of the case. In penetrating keratoplasty, the entire thickness of the cornea is replaced, while in lamellar keratoplasty, only the damaged layers are removed. The surgery typically lasts 1 to 2 hours. During the operation, the surgeon will carefully remove the diseased tissue and stitch the new cornea in place.
After Surgery
After surgery, you will be given eye drops to prevent infection, reduce inflammation, and aid healing. An eye shield or patch may be placed over the eye to protect it, and you’ll need to avoid rubbing your eyes or getting water into them. Your vision may be blurry at first, but it should gradually improve as the cornea heals. Recovery from corneal surgery can take several months, during which you will have regular follow-up appointments to monitor healing and remove stitches. You should avoid strenuous activities, bending over, or lifting heavy objects to reduce pressure on the eye.
Most people experience a significant improvement in vision after recovery, though some may need further treatment depending on the severity of the initial ulcer or any complications.
Isha Netralaya
As one of the leading eye hospitals in the heart of Thane, we take pride in our expertise in treating a varied range of eye problems.
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